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Life Sciences & Medicine
Pharmacy & Pharmacology Ranking
QS World University Rankings by Subject 2026
101 universities
Click any university to view its application strategy timeline
| Rank | Change | University | Country | Score | Academic | Employer | Citations | H | IRN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harvard University | United States of America | 95.0 | 92.2 | 100.0 | 93.3 | 100.0 | 95.0 | |
| 2 | 2 | Monash University | Australia | 91.3 | 100.0 | 78.4 | 92.6 | 88.3 | 73.1 |
| 3 | 1 | University of Oxford | United Kingdom | 90.6 | 89.2 | 98.3 | 92.1 | 89.9 | 86.5 |
| 3 | UCL | United Kingdom | 90.6 | 85.6 | 85.8 | 93.3 | 95.8 | 100.0 | |
| 5 | 5 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | United States of America | 87.7 | 94.5 | 78.1 | 87.9 | 85.6 | 74.3 |
| 6 | 1 | Johns Hopkins University | United States of America | 86.1 | 82.9 | 79.8 | 88.9 | 88.6 | 94.2 |
| 7 | 1 | University of Cambridge | United Kingdom | 85.9 | 87.4 | 97.9 | 92.5 | 79.6 | 66.9 |
| 8 | 4 | University of Nottingham | United Kingdom | 85.5 | 88.1 | 68.3 | 96.7 | 85.6 | 70.1 |
| 9 | 1 | National University of Singapore (NUS) | Singapore | 85.0 | 82.9 | 91.9 | 94.0 | 87.2 | 63.6 |
| 10 | 7 | Imperial College London | United Kingdom | 84.4 | 76.6 | 89.6 | 93.1 | 87.4 | 86.8 |
| 11 | 2 | University of California, San Francisco | United States of America | 84.3 | 90.3 | 77.6 | 86.7 | 81.4 | 68.1 |
| 12 | 1 | University of Toronto | Canada | 83.4 | 81.0 | 86.5 | 87.9 | 87.8 | 72.3 |
| 13 | 2 | University of Michigan-Ann Arbor | United States of America | 82.6 | 80.5 | 77.4 | 89.4 | 86.5 | 74.4 |
| 14 | 7 | University of California, San Diego (UCSD) | United States of America | 82.1 | 82.7 | 78.1 | 86.9 | 82.5 | 73.7 |
| 15 | 1 | Karolinska Institutet | Sweden | 81.8 | 78.5 | 73.2 | 86.7 | 81.2 | 94.9 |
| 16 | 1 | Yale University | United States of America | 81.7 | 79.4 | 88.9 | 88.7 | 81.0 | 71.1 |
| 17 | 14 | King's College London | United Kingdom | 81.4 | 76.6 | 78.0 | 89.8 | 86.0 | 77.7 |
| 18 | 7 | The University of Manchester | United Kingdom | 81.2 | 75.8 | 81.9 | 90.7 | 83.1 | 79.7 |
| 19 | Queen's University Belfast | United Kingdom | 81.1 | 76.8 | 69.1 | 98.3 | 84.1 | 70.1 | |
| 20 | 1 | The University of Sydney | Australia | 80.9 | 75.4 | 84.3 | 89.8 | 87.6 | 68.2 |
| 21 | 6 | University of Copenhagen | Denmark | 80.8 | 77.0 | 68.7 | 88.7 | 85.4 | 82.9 |
| 22 | 6 | The University of Queensland | Australia | 80.3 | 73.6 | 77.6 | 91.4 | 87.6 | 73.4 |
| 23 | 1 | Leiden University | Netherlands | 79.3 | 78.8 | 61.3 | 91.4 | 82.0 | 69.8 |
| 24 | 23 | Uppsala University | Sweden | 79.2 | 76.9 | 65.9 | 88.0 | 76.4 | 89.2 |
| 25 | 11 | University of Strathclyde | United Kingdom | 79.1 | 81.4 | 66.2 | 87.5 | 72.3 | 79.6 |
| 26 | 5 | University of Texas at Austin | United States of America | 79.0 | 82.4 | 75.0 | 94.6 | 77.2 | 41.5 |
| 27 | 11 | University of British Columbia | Canada | 78.9 | 74.5 | 83.7 | 88.0 | 80.5 | 70.2 |
| 28 | 6 | Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin | Ireland | 78.1 | 77.5 | 75.2 | 89.5 | 75.7 | 65.2 |
| 28 | 7 | Peking University | China (Mainland) | 78.1 | 69.8 | 88.0 | 87.4 | 90.7 | 57.7 |
| 30 | 7 | KU Leuven | Belgium | 77.9 | 68.3 | 76.7 | 90.7 | 83.1 | 81.5 |
| 31 | 17 | King Saud University | Saudi Arabia | 77.8 | 68.6 | 59.3 | 87.3 | 87.1 | 95.2 |
| 32 | 17 | Purdue University | United States of America | 77.7 | 81.1 | 73.1 | 90.9 | 78.9 | 40.2 |
| 33 | The University of Tokyo | Japan | 77.3 | 80.4 | 88.5 | 82.3 | 73.7 | 50.4 | |
| 34 | 4 | Seoul National University | Republic of Korea | 77.2 | 76.9 | 88.0 | 85.1 | 79.4 | 47.8 |
| 35 | 5 | ETH Zurich | Switzerland | 77.1 | 77.3 | 98.3 | 88.8 | 73.7 | 38.3 |
| 36 | 44 | University of Florida | United States of America | 77.0 | 72.9 | 63.4 | 86.7 | 82.5 | 76.9 |
| 37 | 21 | McGill University | Canada | 76.9 | 75.8 | 79.6 | 86.2 | 77.0 | 59.9 |
| 37 | 7 | Utrecht University | Netherlands | 76.9 | 68.7 | 64.3 | 94.7 | 87.1 | 66.2 |
| 39 | 2 | The University of Edinburgh | United Kingdom | 76.8 | 61.8 | 80.9 | 100.0 | 84.1 | 71.4 |
| 40 | 11 | University of Pennsylvania | United States of America | 76.6 | 68.8 | 80.7 | 88.8 | 82.0 | 68.4 |
| 41 | 20 | China Pharmaceutical University | China (Mainland) | 76.5 | 79.9 | 48.0 | 87.6 | 92.2 | 37.5 |
| 42 | 4 | University of Alberta | Canada | 76.4 | 72.5 | 70.6 | 88.7 | 77.5 | 70.8 |
| 43 | 47 | Universidade de São Paulo | Brazil | 76.2 | 70.7 | 74.0 | 82.7 | 83.7 | 72.6 |
| 44 | 7 | The University of Melbourne | Australia | 76.0 | 61.9 | 83.6 | 90.7 | 86.0 | 75.7 |
| 45 | 39 | Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani | India | 75.9 | 76.1 | 69.7 | 93.7 | 78.7 | 40.4 |
| 46 | 54 | University of Jordan | Jordan | 75.8 | 71.7 | 72.2 | 92.8 | 72.3 | 68.4 |
| 47 | 5 | Duke University | United States of America | 75.6 | 70.8 | 81.4 | 86.2 | 79.6 | 59.3 |
| 48 | 39 | Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) | Malaysia | 75.5 | 77.7 | 63.0 | 84.3 | 75.7 | 61.3 |
| 48 | 8 | Sapienza University of Rome | Italy | 75.5 | 66.8 | 79.9 | 88.0 | 81.2 | 69.0 |
| 50 | 15 | University of Helsinki | Finland | 75.1 | 66.6 | 65.1 | 91.3 | 81.4 | 74.1 |
| 51 | 15 | Université Paris-Saclay | France | 74.9 | 65.4 | 75.2 | 88.5 | 81.4 | 72.4 |
| 52 | 3 | University of Milan | Italy | 74.8 | 62.3 | 75.6 | 90.6 | 86.4 | 69.3 |
| 53 | 19 | Cairo University | Egypt | 74.6 | 61.5 | 68.1 | 88.7 | 86.4 | 81.7 |
| 54 | 39 | King Abdulaziz University (KAU) | Saudi Arabia | 74.4 | 66.9 | 59.3 | 88.2 | 82.7 | 75.0 |
| 54 | 7 | University of Minnesota (System) | United States of America | 74.4 | 71.6 | 68.8 | 86.5 | 79.4 | 56.9 |
| 56 | 13 | University of Washington | United States of America | 74.3 | 69.6 | 74.0 | 86.7 | 79.8 | 57.1 |
| 57 | — | University of California, Berkeley (UCB) | United States of America | 73.9 | 77.6 | 91.8 | 79.6 | 66.3 | 45.4 |
| 58 | 3 | The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) | Australia | 73.8 | 63.9 | 79.2 | 88.8 | 80.3 | 64.8 |
| 59 | 35 | Jamia Hamdard | India | 73.7 | 76.5 | 34.4 | 95.2 | 83.1 | 39.6 |
| 60 | 2 | The University of Hong Kong | Hong Kong SAR, China | 73.6 | 61.3 | 82.3 | 95.3 | 82.0 | 54.2 |
| 61 | 19 | University of Naples - Federico II | Italy | 73.5 | 58.5 | 70.2 | 91.6 | 84.7 | 77.9 |
| 61 | 13 | Vanderbilt University | United States of America | 73.5 | 73.7 | 67.5 | 85.4 | 74.3 | 53.3 |
| 63 | 6 | University of Groningen | Netherlands | 73.4 | 65.4 | 63.2 | 86.9 | 79.2 | 76.7 |
| 63 | 40 | Tsinghua University | China (Mainland) | 73.4 | 66.8 | 87.6 | 90.6 | 78.9 | 39.9 |
| 65 | 10 | University of Liverpool | United Kingdom | 73.3 | 61.7 | 66.1 | 91.1 | 80.3 | 76.8 |
| 65 | 24 | Fudan University | China (Mainland) | 73.3 | 61.4 | 75.4 | 90.2 | 93.1 | 45.2 |
| 67 | 33 | Columbia University | United States of America | 73.2 | 65.9 | 73.0 | 87.0 | 78.4 | 64.7 |
| 68 | 33 | University of Technology Sydney | Australia | 73.1 | 63.7 | 69.7 | 94.1 | 76.7 | 64.6 |
| 69 | 25 | University of Porto | Portugal | 73.0 | 53.5 | 64.1 | 93.1 | 87.6 | 90.8 |
| 70 | 24 | University of Wisconsin-Madison | United States of America | 72.9 | 72.1 | 74.4 | 84.4 | 72.9 | 51.9 |
| 71 | 15 | University of Geneva | Switzerland | 72.8 | 68.1 | 66.9 | 86.6 | 74.0 | 67.6 |
| 72 | 30 | The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) | Hong Kong SAR, China | 72.7 | 62.4 | 78.8 | 93.1 | 82.3 | 47.4 |
| 72 | 11 | National Taiwan University (NTU) | Taiwan | 72.7 | 66.7 | 78.4 | 90.0 | 77.7 | 46.0 |
| 74 | 13 | University of Glasgow | United Kingdom | 72.6 | 64.8 | 70.6 | 90.8 | 76.2 | 62.2 |
| 75 | 26 | Université de Montréal | Canada | 72.5 | 70.3 | 70.8 | 83.4 | 72.6 | 60.7 |
| 76 | 24 | Cornell University | United States of America | 72.4 | 58.8 | 85.0 | 89.6 | 77.5 | 69.8 |
| 76 | 25 | Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India | India | 72.4 | 74.7 | 63.9 | 81.3 | 77.0 | 44.6 |
| 78 | 11 | Yonsei University | Republic of Korea | 72.3 | 65.2 | 78.5 | 86.8 | 77.2 | 55.4 |
| 78 | 7 | Emory University | United States of America | 72.3 | 64.8 | 50.1 | 88.1 | 79.4 | 79.0 |
| 80 | 5 | Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) | Belgium | 72.0 | 70.9 | 70.3 | 84.8 | 71.7 | 53.3 |
| 81 | 36 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University | China (Mainland) | 71.9 | 54.8 | 80.3 | 90.0 | 93.9 | 52.0 |
| 82 | 8 | University of Birmingham | United Kingdom | 71.6 | 56.3 | 72.1 | 95.4 | 81.6 | 65.0 |
| 83 | 7 | Universitat de Barcelona | Spain | 71.5 | 60.9 | 70.7 | 86.5 | 79.2 | 69.4 |
| 83 | 18 | Qatar University | Qatar | 71.5 | 67.5 | 51.3 | 89.7 | 75.7 | 62.7 |
| 85 | 16 | Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München | Germany | 71.4 | 62.8 | 69.3 | 87.4 | 78.7 | 61.0 |
| 85 | 12 | University of Basel | Switzerland | 71.4 | 64.1 | 62.1 | 87.8 | 77.5 | 64.9 |
| 85 | 16 | University of Bristol | United Kingdom | 71.4 | 55.0 | 69.1 | 98.3 | 84.1 | 59.6 |
| 85 | 8 | The University of Auckland | New Zealand | 71.4 | 60.0 | 77.1 | 95.9 | 82.3 | 40.5 |
| 89 | 9 | Universiti Malaya (UM) | Malaysia | 71.3 | 70.0 | 69.9 | 86.0 | 68.7 | 54.1 |
| 89 | 11 | Kyoto University | Japan | 71.3 | 75.7 | 78.2 | 80.1 | 67.7 | 36.5 |
| 91 | 10 | JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research | India | 71.2 | 69.1 | 65.5 | 82.6 | 74.3 | 56.0 |
| 92 | 9 | University College Cork | Ireland | 71.1 | 70.8 | 69.6 | 83.4 | 71.3 | 48.5 |
| 92 | 9 | Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn | Germany | 71.1 | 61.0 | 62.0 | 90.2 | 80.1 | 63.9 |
| 94 | 4 | University of Pittsburgh | United States of America | 71.0 | 56.4 | 73.2 | 86.8 | 82.0 | 73.7 |
| 94 | 68 | Zhejiang University | China (Mainland) | 71.0 | 53.3 | 75.2 | 90.6 | 95.7 | 49.0 |
| 96 | 1 | Mahidol University | Thailand | 70.8 | 66.7 | 57.6 | 83.0 | 72.0 | 73.7 |
| 97 | 54 | Universidade de Santiago de Compostela | Spain | 70.7 | 60.0 | 58.4 | 96.8 | 82.3 | 50.4 |
| 98 | 46 | Universität Heidelberg | Germany | 70.6 | 63.5 | 68.3 | 84.5 | 72.9 | 68.5 |
| 99 | — | Adelaide University | Australia | 70.2 | 57.3 | 73.5 | 89.6 | 80.5 | 59.5 |
| 100 | 27 | Sorbonne University | France | 70.1 | 57.0 | 82.7 | 87.9 | 78.4 | 57.7 |
| 2026 | 1 | INSTITUTION | COUNTRY/TERRITORY | — | — | — | — | — | — |
1
Harvard University
United States of America
95.0·Acad: 92.2·Empl: 100.0
22
Monash University
Australia
91.3·Acad: 100.0·Empl: 78.4
31
University of Oxford
United Kingdom
90.6·Acad: 89.2·Empl: 98.3
3
UCL
United Kingdom
90.6·Acad: 85.6·Empl: 85.8
55
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
United States of America
87.7·Acad: 94.5·Empl: 78.1
61
Johns Hopkins University
United States of America
86.1·Acad: 82.9·Empl: 79.8
71
University of Cambridge
United Kingdom
85.9·Acad: 87.4·Empl: 97.9
84
University of Nottingham
United Kingdom
85.5·Acad: 88.1·Empl: 68.3
91
National University of Singapore (NUS)
Singapore
85.0·Acad: 82.9·Empl: 91.9
107
Imperial College London
United Kingdom
84.4·Acad: 76.6·Empl: 89.6
112
University of California, San Francisco
United States of America
84.3·Acad: 90.3·Empl: 77.6
121
University of Toronto
Canada
83.4·Acad: 81.0·Empl: 86.5
132
University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
United States of America
82.6·Acad: 80.5·Empl: 77.4
147
University of California, San Diego (UCSD)
United States of America
82.1·Acad: 82.7·Empl: 78.1
151
Karolinska Institutet
Sweden
81.8·Acad: 78.5·Empl: 73.2
161
Yale University
United States of America
81.7·Acad: 79.4·Empl: 88.9
1714
King's College London
United Kingdom
81.4·Acad: 76.6·Empl: 78.0
187
The University of Manchester
United Kingdom
81.2·Acad: 75.8·Empl: 81.9
19
Queen's University Belfast
United Kingdom
81.1·Acad: 76.8·Empl: 69.1
201
The University of Sydney
Australia
80.9·Acad: 75.4·Empl: 84.3
216
University of Copenhagen
Denmark
80.8·Acad: 77.0·Empl: 68.7
226
The University of Queensland
Australia
80.3·Acad: 73.6·Empl: 77.6
231
Leiden University
Netherlands
79.3·Acad: 78.8·Empl: 61.3
2423
Uppsala University
Sweden
79.2·Acad: 76.9·Empl: 65.9
2511
University of Strathclyde
United Kingdom
79.1·Acad: 81.4·Empl: 66.2
265
University of Texas at Austin
United States of America
79.0·Acad: 82.4·Empl: 75.0
2711
University of British Columbia
Canada
78.9·Acad: 74.5·Empl: 83.7
286
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Ireland
78.1·Acad: 77.5·Empl: 75.2
287
Peking University
China (Mainland)
78.1·Acad: 69.8·Empl: 88.0
307
KU Leuven
Belgium
77.9·Acad: 68.3·Empl: 76.7
3117
King Saud University
Saudi Arabia
77.8·Acad: 68.6·Empl: 59.3
3217
Purdue University
United States of America
77.7·Acad: 81.1·Empl: 73.1
33
The University of Tokyo
Japan
77.3·Acad: 80.4·Empl: 88.5
344
Seoul National University
Republic of Korea
77.2·Acad: 76.9·Empl: 88.0
355
ETH Zurich
Switzerland
77.1·Acad: 77.3·Empl: 98.3
3644
University of Florida
United States of America
77.0·Acad: 72.9·Empl: 63.4
3721
McGill University
Canada
76.9·Acad: 75.8·Empl: 79.6
377
Utrecht University
Netherlands
76.9·Acad: 68.7·Empl: 64.3
392
The University of Edinburgh
United Kingdom
76.8·Acad: 61.8·Empl: 80.9
4011
University of Pennsylvania
United States of America
76.6·Acad: 68.8·Empl: 80.7
4120
China Pharmaceutical University
China (Mainland)
76.5·Acad: 79.9·Empl: 48.0
424
University of Alberta
Canada
76.4·Acad: 72.5·Empl: 70.6
4347
Universidade de São Paulo
Brazil
76.2·Acad: 70.7·Empl: 74.0
447
The University of Melbourne
Australia
76.0·Acad: 61.9·Empl: 83.6
4539
Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani
India
75.9·Acad: 76.1·Empl: 69.7
4654
University of Jordan
Jordan
75.8·Acad: 71.7·Empl: 72.2
475
Duke University
United States of America
75.6·Acad: 70.8·Empl: 81.4
4839
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
Malaysia
75.5·Acad: 77.7·Empl: 63.0
488
Sapienza University of Rome
Italy
75.5·Acad: 66.8·Empl: 79.9
5015
University of Helsinki
Finland
75.1·Acad: 66.6·Empl: 65.1
5115
Université Paris-Saclay
France
74.9·Acad: 65.4·Empl: 75.2
523
University of Milan
Italy
74.8·Acad: 62.3·Empl: 75.6
5319
Cairo University
Egypt
74.6·Acad: 61.5·Empl: 68.1
5439
King Abdulaziz University (KAU)
Saudi Arabia
74.4·Acad: 66.9·Empl: 59.3
547
University of Minnesota (System)
United States of America
74.4·Acad: 71.6·Empl: 68.8
5613
University of Washington
United States of America
74.3·Acad: 69.6·Empl: 74.0
57—
University of California, Berkeley (UCB)
United States of America
73.9·Acad: 77.6·Empl: 91.8
583
The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)
Australia
73.8·Acad: 63.9·Empl: 79.2
5935
Jamia Hamdard
India
73.7·Acad: 76.5·Empl: 34.4
602
The University of Hong Kong
Hong Kong SAR, China
73.6·Acad: 61.3·Empl: 82.3
6119
University of Naples - Federico II
Italy
73.5·Acad: 58.5·Empl: 70.2
6113
Vanderbilt University
United States of America
73.5·Acad: 73.7·Empl: 67.5
636
University of Groningen
Netherlands
73.4·Acad: 65.4·Empl: 63.2
6340
Tsinghua University
China (Mainland)
73.4·Acad: 66.8·Empl: 87.6
6510
University of Liverpool
United Kingdom
73.3·Acad: 61.7·Empl: 66.1
6524
Fudan University
China (Mainland)
73.3·Acad: 61.4·Empl: 75.4
6733
Columbia University
United States of America
73.2·Acad: 65.9·Empl: 73.0
6833
University of Technology Sydney
Australia
73.1·Acad: 63.7·Empl: 69.7
6925
University of Porto
Portugal
73.0·Acad: 53.5·Empl: 64.1
7024
University of Wisconsin-Madison
United States of America
72.9·Acad: 72.1·Empl: 74.4
7115
University of Geneva
Switzerland
72.8·Acad: 68.1·Empl: 66.9
7230
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
Hong Kong SAR, China
72.7·Acad: 62.4·Empl: 78.8
7211
National Taiwan University (NTU)
Taiwan
72.7·Acad: 66.7·Empl: 78.4
7413
University of Glasgow
United Kingdom
72.6·Acad: 64.8·Empl: 70.6
7526
Université de Montréal
Canada
72.5·Acad: 70.3·Empl: 70.8
7624
Cornell University
United States of America
72.4·Acad: 58.8·Empl: 85.0
7625
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
India
72.4·Acad: 74.7·Empl: 63.9
7811
Yonsei University
Republic of Korea
72.3·Acad: 65.2·Empl: 78.5
787
Emory University
United States of America
72.3·Acad: 64.8·Empl: 50.1
805
Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
Belgium
72.0·Acad: 70.9·Empl: 70.3
8136
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
China (Mainland)
71.9·Acad: 54.8·Empl: 80.3
828
University of Birmingham
United Kingdom
71.6·Acad: 56.3·Empl: 72.1
837
Universitat de Barcelona
Spain
71.5·Acad: 60.9·Empl: 70.7
8318
Qatar University
Qatar
71.5·Acad: 67.5·Empl: 51.3
8516
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Germany
71.4·Acad: 62.8·Empl: 69.3
8512
University of Basel
Switzerland
71.4·Acad: 64.1·Empl: 62.1
8516
University of Bristol
United Kingdom
71.4·Acad: 55.0·Empl: 69.1
858
The University of Auckland
New Zealand
71.4·Acad: 60.0·Empl: 77.1
899
Universiti Malaya (UM)
Malaysia
71.3·Acad: 70.0·Empl: 69.9
8911
Kyoto University
Japan
71.3·Acad: 75.7·Empl: 78.2
9110
JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research
India
71.2·Acad: 69.1·Empl: 65.5
929
University College Cork
Ireland
71.1·Acad: 70.8·Empl: 69.6
929
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Germany
71.1·Acad: 61.0·Empl: 62.0
944
University of Pittsburgh
United States of America
71.0·Acad: 56.4·Empl: 73.2
9468
Zhejiang University
China (Mainland)
71.0·Acad: 53.3·Empl: 75.2
961
Mahidol University
Thailand
70.8·Acad: 66.7·Empl: 57.6
9754
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
Spain
70.7·Acad: 60.0·Empl: 58.4
9846
Universität Heidelberg
Germany
70.6·Acad: 63.5·Empl: 68.3
99—
Adelaide University
Australia
70.2·Acad: 57.3·Empl: 73.5
10027
Sorbonne University
France
70.1·Acad: 57.0·Empl: 82.7
20261
INSTITUTION
COUNTRY/TERRITORY
—·Acad: —·Empl: —